The hardness of a metal is its’ resistance to plastic deformation. This is determined by measuring the resistance to indentation by a particular type of indenter.
A steel weldment with hardness above a certain maximum may be susceptible to cracking, either during fabrication or in service, and welding procedure qualification testing for certain steels and applications requires the test weld to be hardness surveyed to ensure there are no regions of the weldment that exceed the maximum specified hardness.
Hardness Testing
For Hardness Testing Q&T Industrial Inspection Company use INSPEX-330 Hardness Tester.